Pinakol: Sabah’s Stunning Beaded Heritage

Guest Editor

January 27, 2025

Written by Glory Roslily

Revered as a symbol of heritage and artistry, the Pinakol holds a special place in the hearts of many and is highly regarded throughout Sabah.

Worn by both men and women of the Rungus community, the Pinakol was traditionally used to represent the customs of marriage and death. The process of making the Pinakol involves the off-loom technique, where the beads are strung solely by hand (without a beading needle).

In the past, these beads were known to indicate one’s status and luxury. It is either worn as a beaded band over the shoulders, chest, and back, or as a necklace. The main colours
associated with the Rungus community are red, white, and black, which are especially seen in most common Pinakols.

The Pinakol features a geometric pattern with four main motifs: the shape of a man, a shield, a flower, and an animal. These motifs are called Tiningulun, Inompuling, Tinugarang, and Inompuling. The stories of the motifs are closely linked to the legend of a hero named Tiningulun. The legend reveals how Tiningulun, armed with a weapon called the “Inompuling”, was bitten by a “Tinugarang”, a mythical creature whose venomous bite is said to cause paralysis. However, the hero used a flower, the “Vinusak”, as an antidote to cure the poison. The special power of the flower is said to have neutralised the poison affecting Tiningulun.

This story continues to influence the lives of the Sabahan people, and wearing a Pinakol holds significant meaning for many reasons.

Cultural Significance

The Pinakol holds cultural significance as it symbolises identity and status. It is often worn
during important ceremonies and festivals to reinforce and remind people of community bonds.

Historical Value

These beads carry the history and stories woven into ornaments and jewellery. They
encapsulate the passion for upholding one’s culture and way of life from the past.

Artistic Craftsmanship

The intricate designs and craftsmanship of these beads reflect the artistic skills of the Rungus people. Each bead may represent meanings or social messages, showcasing their cultural artistry. In present times, these beads continue to carry meaning, with each design offering a unique expression of the Rungus people’s creativity, beyond the four main motifs.

Paving the Way for Cultural Fashion with a Modern Twist

Cultural revival designs are now incorporating traditional elements into modern clothing. In
some countries, it has become a trend to blend cultural accessories with contemporary fashion. This revival celebrates indigenous artistry while educating consumers about cultural heritage. Many contemporary designers are blending traditional motifs with modern aesthetics, creating fusion-style fashion that appeals to diverse audiences. This approach bridges cultural gaps, promotes ethnic inclusivity in fashion, and helps spread cultural awareness.

By wearing a Pinakol, you’re supporting the local community. It encourages consumers to seek out products with a historical backstory and supports rural businesses. These jewellery pieces are often sourced from rural communities. By wearing a Pinakol and posting pictures of it on social media, you showcase a unique bead piece, helping to inform and globalise this accessory beyond Sabah. This social media presence can bring visibility to a cultural piece, highlighting Sabah’s image to the rest of the world.

Since Pinakols are handmade, they represent sustainable fashion and craftsmanship, offering an eco-friendly alternative to mass-produced accessories. The Pinakol continues to be an important accessory worn during special cultural functions, honoured for representing the hard work and dedication of rural communities in preserving their culture.